Johannesburg, South Africa – In a recent panel at the African Economic Forum, veteran journalist Godfrey Mua led an in-depth discussion on Africa’s political landscape and economic potential, with a particular focus on the role of the continent’s youth. The debate highlighted the outcomes of recent elections in countries such as Botswana, South Africa, and Zambia, which have marked a significant shift in political power, with the rise of younger leaders aligned with the demands of new generations.
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The conversation also explored the impact of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), which became operational in 2021, and its implications for economic growth and opportunities for Africa’s youth. Key speakers included Leila Fourie, CEO of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and Samaila Zubairu, CEO of the Africa Finance Corporation, who shared insights on investments, the digital economy, and the critical need for accessible capital for young entrepreneurs.
Recent elections in Botswana, where Mokgweetsi Masisi assumed the presidency, and in Zambia, with the victory of Hakainde Hichilema, reflect a growing trend of political renewal across the continent. These changes are driven by a young population demanding greater transparency, economic opportunities, and active participation in governance.
“Young people are tired of empty promises. They want leaders who understand their needs and work to create real jobs and opportunities,” Mua stated during the panel.
Despite progress, many young people still feel marginalized in political processes. Recent data shows that voter turnout among those aged 18 to 35 remains low in several African countries. Experts emphasize the need for reforms to simplify voter registration and expand access to voting, including the use of digital technologies.
“We need to make democracy more accessible and relevant to young people. This includes simplifying the voting process and creating platforms that amplify their voices,” Fourie noted.
The implementation of the AfCFTA, which connects 54 of Africa’s 55 countries into a single market, is seen as a historic milestone for the continent. The initiative has the potential to increase intra-African trade by 52% by 2025, according to estimates by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA).
Additionally, the digital economy was highlighted as a crucial sector for Africa’s future. With more than 60% of the population under 25, the continent has a generation of “digital natives” ready to drive innovation. However, experts warn of the need for investments in digital infrastructure and skills development.
“Africa has the youngest population in the world. If we invest in digital education and infrastructure, we can turn this demographic into a unique economic advantage,” Zubairu said.
One of the main challenges discussed was access to capital for young entrepreneurs. High interest rates and stringent loan requirements hinder the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are the backbone of African economies.
“We need financial policies that support young entrepreneurs, from lower interest rates to mentorship and training programs,” Fourie suggested.
The panel also addressed the growing interest in green finance as a pathway to sustainable development. Renewable energy projects, sustainable agriculture, and environmental conservation are gaining momentum, with countries like Kenya and South Africa leading the way in issuing green bonds.
“Africa has immense potential to become a global leader in sustainability. But this requires significant investments and a collaborative approach between governments, the private sector, and financial institutions,” Zubairu explained.
The discussion underscored the central role of Africa’s youth in redefining the continent’s future. With younger leaders, initiatives like the AfCFTA, and investments in technology and sustainability, Africa has the potential to become one of the world’s leading engines of growth in the coming decades.
However, experts warn that success depends on overcoming challenges such as unequal access to capital, the need for inclusive political reforms, and the construction of robust infrastructure.
“Africa is at a turning point. If we act now, we can create a future where young people not only survive but thrive,” Mua concluded.
