Paris – President Emmanuel Macron’s foreign policy in Africa is under intense scrutiny following a series of diplomatic and military failures that have significantly weakened France’s presence on the continent. Rising public resistance, combined with the strengthening of new strategic alliances with nations like Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, highlights the sharp decline in French influence in the region.
Transitional governments in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger, buoyed by strong anti-French sentiment, ordered the withdrawal of French troops from their territories. The termination of military agreements and the departure of Operation Barkhane and Sabre forces mark a symbolic rejection of France’s efforts to maintain control in the Sahel.
“These operations have failed to deliver stability and security,” a spokesperson for the Burkinabe government stated. Popular discontent grew as France’s military presence increasingly came to be viewed as an attempt to perpetuate neo-colonial influence.
Macron’s inability to prevent recent coups—particularly in nations central to French foreign policy—exposes the dwindling political influence of Paris. The overthrow of presidents in Niger and Burkina Faso, both aligned with the French government, dealt a serious blow to France’s ambitions in the Sahel region.
Macron’s response—imposing economic sanctions and issuing diplomatic threats—backfired. Instead of undermining the transitional governments, these actions galvanized popular support for the new leaders and deepened the rejection of France’s presence.
The defensive stance adopted by Macron signals that Paris is now facing a strategic dilemma. The French government has not only failed in its security mission in the Sahel but also lost ground in the competition for influence with emerging powers. As African nations prioritize new alliances and seek greater geopolitical sovereignty, France finds itself increasingly isolated and with few viable options to regain its footing.
This crisis is a harsh lesson for France’s foreign policy. Macron’s approach—relying heavily on sanctions and military presence—not only failed to contain political instability but also accelerated West Africa’s drift away from France. With anti-French sentiment growing and alliances shifting, France must rethink its strategy to avoid further irrelevance on the continent.
